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  2. Armus, Vera. “The Bone-Shaped Sweets That Honor the Dead in Spain.” Atlas Obscura. October 15, 2021. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/huesos-de-santo-recipe 

  3. Bertomeu-Sánchez, José Ramón. “Managing Uncertainty in the Academy and the Courtroom: Normal Arsenic and Nineteenth-Century Toxicology.” Isis 104(2), June 2013: pp. 197-225.

  4. “Candy designed after epidemic fighting folklore character tastes success in Tokyo.” The Mainichi. May 9, 2020. https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20200509/p2a/00m/0na/005000c

  5. Casey, Alex. “‘It’s a currency’: How did chocolate fish become our go-to reward?” The Spinoff. November 22, 2025. https://thespinoff.co.nz/society/22-11-2025/its-a-currency-how-did-chocolate-fish-become-our-default-reward 

  6. “Ceremonial unveiling.” The Press [Christchurch, NZ]. November 7, 1991. https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19911107.2.46 

  7. “Chocolate Fish.” Atlas Obscura. [n.d.] https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/chocolate-fish-reward-new-zealand 

  8. “Chocolate Myths and Legends.” Chocolate Affairs Magazine. [n.d.] https://chocolateaffairsmagazine.com/chocolate-myths-and-legends/ 

  9. “chocolate (n.)” Etymonline. [n.d.] https://www.etymonline.com/word/chocolate 

  10. Chrystal, Paul. The History of Sweets (Pen & Sword History, 2021).

  11. Clayton, Emma. “Peppermint poisonings killed 20 children in Bradford and left 200 seriously ill.” Telegraph & Argus. May 1, 2019. https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/17610157.peppermint-poisonings-killed-20-children-bradford-left-200-seriously-ill/ 

  12. Coe, Sophie D., and Michael D. Coe. The True History of Chocolate (Thames and Hudson, 1996).

  13. Collins, Ross F. Chocolate: A Cultural Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2022).

  14. Davis, Jenni. Poison: A History: An Account of the Deadly Art and its Most Infamous Practitioners (Chartwell Books, 2018).

  15. Davis, Mark. Necropolis: City of the Dead: Undercliffe Victorian Cemetery (Amberley Publishing, 2015).

  16. DeSpedler, Lynne Ann, and Alfred Lee Strickland. “Day of the Dead.” In Clifton D. Bryant and Dennis L. Peck (eds), Encyclopedia of Death and the Human Experience, Vol. 1 (SAGE, 2009): pp. 261-265.

  17. Devlin, Tara A. “Kuchisake-onna.” Kowabana. June 2, 2018. https://www.kowabana.net/2018/06/02/kuchisake-onna-2/ 

  18. “Domovoy - guardian of the home.” Slavic Lore. April 16, 2021. https://slaviclore.com/domovoy-guardian-of-the-home 

  19. “Dreadful Fatality From Poisoning.” The Bradford Observer. November 6, 1858. https://www.newspapers.com/image/394769655/ 

  20. “Dutch Chocolate Letters.” St. Nicholas Center. [n.d.] https://www.stnicholascenter.org/around-the-world/customs/netherlands/chocolate-letters

  21. Ehn, Ola. “Konfekt i sorg och glädje.” Årsboken Uppland, 1967/68: pp. 63-80.

  22. Elliott, Jenny. “How Tainted Treats Led to a Halloween Tragedy in 1858.” Atlas Obscura. October 29, 2021. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/poisoned-candy 

  23. “Fact check: False claims about Antwerp hand biscuits and Belgium’s colonial past resurface.” VRT News. April 16, 2023. https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2023/04/12/fact-check-false-claims-about-antwerp-hand-biscuits-and-belgium/ 

  24. Fiegl, Amanda. “A Brief History of Chocolate.” Smithsonian Magazine. March 1, 2008. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/a-brief-history-of-chocolate-21860917/ 

  25. Fiegl, Amanda. “A Cultural History of Candy.” Smithsonian Magazine. October 29, 2010. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/a-cultural-history-of-candy-103534197/ 

  26. Folsom, Jenny. “Antwerp’s Appetite for African Hands.” Contexts 15(4), November 2016: pp. 65-67.

  27. Goldstein, Darra (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets (Oxford University Press, 2015).

  28. Hastings, James (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Volume V (Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1928).

  29. Heida, Annelyn. “Chocolate, Belgium’s pride or Belgium’s shame?” Public History Amsterdam. September 27, 2024. https://publichistory.humanities.uva.nl/blog/chocolate-belgiums-pride-or-belgiums-shame/ 

  30. Henrichs, Albert. Greek Myth and Religion: Collected Papers II (Walter de Gruyter, 2019).

  31. “History of Chocolate.” History. May 27, 2026. https://www.history.com/articles/history-of-chocolate 

  32. Holloway, S.W.F. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 1841-1991: A Political and Social History (The Pharmaceutical Press, 1991).

  33. Johnson, Ben. “Dying for a Humbug, the Bradford Sweets Poisoning 1858.” Historic UK. December 8, 2014. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/Dying-for-Humbug-the-Bradford-Sweets-Poisoning-1858/ 

  34. Jones, Kaye. The Case of the Chocolate Cream Killer: The Poisonous Passion of Christiana Edmunds (Pen & Sword History, 2016).

  35. “Kuchisake onna.” Yokai.com. [n.d.] https://yokai.com/kuchisakeonna/ 

  36. Levitt, Alice. “In Malta, ‘Dead Men’s Bones’ Are a Sweet, Spiritual Tradition.” Atlas Obscura. October 11, 2022. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/bone-shaped-cookies 

  37. Lisa. “The food we love – the tastes of New Zealanders.” Christchurch City Council Libraries. October 13, 2014. https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/blogs/post/tastes-of-nz/ 

  38. Macinnis, Peter.  Poisons: From Hemlock to Botox and the Killer Bean of Calabar (Arcade Publishing, 2011).

  39. Mather, Mike. “'Stat you? Lots of love for Hamilton's remaining statues.” Stuff. June 19 2020. https://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/news/121841035/stat-you-lots-of-love-for-hamiltons-remaining-statues 

  40. McCade, Ina Baghdiantz. A History of Global Consumption, 1500-1800 (Routledge, 2015).

  41. “The Meaning and Importance of Sugar Skulls.” Day of the Dead. [n.d.] https://dayofthedead.holiday/sugar-skull/the-meaning-and-importance-of-sugar-skulls/ 

  42. O’Brien, Sam. “The Lost Art of Swedish Funeral Confectionery.” Atlas Obscura. October 29, 2020. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/swedish-funeral-confectionery 

  43. “The Origin and History of the Day of the Dead (Día de los Muertos).” The University of Texas Permian Basin. [n.d.] https://online.utpb.edu/about-us/articles/humanities/the-origin-and-history-of-the-day-of-the-dead-dia-de-los-muertos/ 

  44. “The Poisoned Lozenges.” The Hampshire Advertiser. December 25, 1858. https://www.newspapers.com/image/401722568/ 

  45. Potts, Lauren. “The Halloween sweets that poisoned Bradford.” BBC. October 30, 2023. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-67067171 

  46. Seferbekov, Ruslan I. “Domovoy in in the Mythological Beliefs of Dagestani Russians.” History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 20(4), 2024: pp. 934-947

  47. Seifert, Christine.  Toxic Wives: Murder, Media and the Poison Panic in America (McFarland, 2023).

  48. Sly, Nicola. Murder by Poison: A Casebook of Historic British Murders (The History Press, 2011).

  49. Sten. “Chocoladeletters - Letters of Chocolate for Sinterklaas.” Dutch Language Blog. December 5, 2017. https://blogs.transparent.com/dutch/chocoladeletters-letters-of-chocolate-for-sinterklaas/ 

  50. Tomkins, Alannah. “Case Notes and Madness.” In Mark Jackson (ed.), The Routledge History of Disease (Routledge, 2017): pp. 529-546.

  51. Tomo. “Bekkoame: Ame Hard Candy, like Bekko or Tortoiseshell.” Recommendation of Unique Japanese Products and Culture. December 1, 2022. https://japanese-products.blog/2022/12/01/bekkoame/ 

  52. Troop, Sarah. “Swedish Funeral Candy.” Nourishing Death. February 20, 2015. https://nourishingdeath.wordpress.com/2015/02/20/swedish-funeral-candy/ 

  53. Tutino, Stefania. Uncertainty in Post-Reformation Catholicism: A History of Probabilism (Oxford University Press, 2018).

  54. Whorton, James C. The Arsenic Century: How Victorian Britain was Poisoned at Home, Work, and Play (Oxford University Press, 2010).

  55. Wilson, Bee. Swindled: The Dark History of Food Fraud, from Poisoned Coffee to Counterfeit Chocolate (Princeton University Press, 2008).

  56. Walbrook, H.M. “The Poisoned Chocolates.” In Jonathan Goodman (ed.), The Seaside Murders: Classic Stories of True Crime (Sphere Books, 1987): pp. 111-121. 

  57. Yolen, Jane and Shulamith Oppenheim. The Fish Prince and Other Stories: Mermen Folk Tales (Interlink Books, 2001).